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19-2209; Rev 1; 5/09
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
General Description
The MAX4357 is a 32 16 highly integrated video crosspoint switch matrix with input and output buffers. This device operates from dual 3V to 5V supplies or from a single +5V supply. Digital logic is supplied from an independent single +2.7V to +5.5V supply. All inputs and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive standard 75 reverse-terminated video loads. The switch matrix configuration and output buffer gain are programmed through an SPITM/QSPITM-compatible, 3-wire serial interface and initialized with a single update signal. The unique serial interface operates in two modes facilitating both fast updates and initialization. On power-up, all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large-array configurations. Superior flexibility, high integration, and space-saving packaging make this nonblocking switch matrix ideal for routing video signals in security and video-ondemand systems. The MAX4357 is available in a 128-pin TQFP package and specified over an extended -40C to +85C temperature range.
Features
o 32 16 Nonblocking Matrix with Buffered Inputs and Outputs o Operates from 3V, 5V, or +5V Supplies o Each Output Individually Addressable o Individually Programmable Output Buffer Gain (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V) o High-Impedance Output Disable for Wired-OR Connections o 0.1dB Gain Flatness to 12MHz o Minimum -62dB Crosstalk, -110dB Isolation at 6MHz o 0.05%/0.1 Differential Gain/Differential Phase Error o Low 220mW Power Consumption (0.43mW per point)
MAX4357
Ordering Information
PART MAX4357ECD TEMP RANGE -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 128 TQFP
Applications
Security Systems Video Routing Video-On-Demand Systems
Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
Functional Diagram
Typical Operating Circuit
CAMERAS IN0 IN1 OUT1 MAX4357 MONITOR OUT0 MONITOR
MAX4357 IN0 AV* ENABLE/DISABLE OUT0
IN1
32 x 16 SWITCH MATRIX
AV*
OUT1
IN2
AV*
OUT2
IN31 RESET POWER-ON RESET THERMAL SHUTDOWN
AV*
OUT15
DISABLE ALL OUTPUTS
512 16
16 VCC VEE AGND VDD DGND DOUT
IN31
OUT15 MONITOR
DIN SCLK UPDATE CE SERIAL INTERFACE
DECODE LOGIC LATCHES MATRIX REGISTER 112 BITS UPDATE REGISTER 16 BITS *AV = +1V/V OR +2V/V A0-A3 MODE
AOUT
SPI/QSPI are trademarks of Motorola, Inc.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com.
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Analog Supply Voltage (VCC - VEE) .....................................+11V Digital Supply Voltage (VDD - DGND) ...................................+6V Analog Supplies to Analog Ground (VCC - AGND) and (AGND - VEE) ..................................... +6V Analog Ground to Digital Ground .........................-0.3V to +0.3V IN_ Voltage Range .......................... (VCC + 0.3V) to (VEE - 0.3V) OUT_ Short-Circuit Duration to AGND, VCC, or VEE ......Indefinite SCLK, CE, UPDATE, MODE, A_, DIN, DOUT, RESET, AOUT..........................(VDD + 0.3V) to (DGND - 0.3V) Current into Any Analog Input Pin (IN_) ...........................50mA Current into Any Analog Output Pin (OUT_).....................75mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 128-Pin TQFP (derate 25mW/C above +70C).................2W Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40C to +85C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................ +300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic-Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC VEE VDD to DGND (VEE + 2.5V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 2.5V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k Gain (Note 1) AV (VEE + 3.75V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 3.75V), AV = +2V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 3.75V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 3.75V) AV = +2V/V, RL = 10k (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) Temperature Coefficient of Gain TCAV AV = +1V/V Input Voltage Range VIN_ AV = +2V/V RL = 10k RL = 150 RL = 10k RL = 150 VEE + 1 VEE + 2.5 VEE + 3 VEE + 3.75 RL = 10k RL = 150 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 0.97 0.995 TYP MAX 10.5 5.5 1 UNITS V V
0.99
0.999
1 V/V
1.92 1.94 0.95
1.996 2.008 0.994 0.5 0.5 10
2.08 2.06 1 1.5 2 VCC - 1.2 VCC - 2.5 VCC - 3.1 VCC - 3.75
% ppm/C
V
2
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Output Voltage Range Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL VOUT IB RIN_ VOFFSET ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT_ < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < (VCC - VEE) < 10.5V Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs enabled Outputs disabled Quiescent Supply Current IEE RL = Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs enabled Outputs disabled IDD 50 4 55 95 60 RL = 10k RL = 150 CONDITIONS MIN VEE + 1 VEE + 2.5 4 10 5 10 40 0.2 0.004 70 100 150 175 75 150 175 75 8 mA 1 20 40 TYP MAX VCC - 1.2 VCC - 2.5 11 UNITS V A M mV mA A dB
MAX4357
ICC
RL =
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3
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic-Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC - VEE VDD to DGND (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k Gain (Note 1) AV (VEE + 2V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.1V), AV = +2V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 2V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 2.1V) AV = +2V/V, RL = 10k Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) Temperature Coefficient of Gain TCAV AV = +1V/V Input Voltage Range VIN_ AV = +2V/V Output Voltage Range Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage VOUT IB RIN VOFFSET (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V RL = 10k RL = 150 RL = 10k RL = 150 RL = 10k RL = 150 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 VEE + 2 VEE + 2 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 4 10 5 10 20 40 RL = 10k RL = 150 1.92 1.985 2.08 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 TYP MAX 10.5 5.5 UNITS V V
0.94
0.983
1
0.96
0.993
1 V/V
1.94
2.00 0.5 0.5 10
2.06 1.5 2
% ppm/C
VCC - 1.2 VCC - 1.2 VCC - 2.1 VCC - 2.1 VCC - 1.2 VCC - 1.2 11 V A M mV V
4
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR ICC Quiescent Supply Current IEE IDD CONDITIONS Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT_ < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < (VCC - VEE) < 10.5V RL = RL = Outputs enabled Outputs disabled Outputs enabled Outputs disabled 60 MIN TYP 40 0.2 0.004 75 90 45 85 40 3 mA 1 MAX UNITS mA A dB
MAX4357
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = +1.75V, AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Operating Supply Voltage Range Logic-Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC VDD to DGND (VEE + 1V) < VIN < (VCC - 2.5V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 (VEE + 1V) < VIN < (VCC - 1.2V), AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k RL = 10k RL = 150 TCAV RL = 10k Input Voltage Range VIN AV = +1V/V RL = 150 AV = +1V/V, RL = 10k AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 VEE + 1 CONDITIONS Guaranteed by PSRR test MIN 4.5 2.7 0.94 0.94 0.995 0.995 0.5 0.5 10 VCC 1.2 VCC 2.5 VCC 1.2 V VCC 2.5 V TYP MAX 5.5 5.5 1 V 1 3 3 % ppm/C UNITS V V
Gain (Note 1)
AV
Gain Matching (Channel to Channel) Temperature Coefficient of Gain
Output Voltage Range
VOUT
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = +1.75V, AV = +1V/V, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Input Bias Current Input Resistance Output Offset Voltage Output Short-Circuit Current Enabled Output Impedance Output Leakage Current, Disable Mode DC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio SYMBOL IB RIN VOFFSET ISC ZOUT IOD PSRR ICC Quiescent Supply Current IEE IDD VEE + 1V < VIN_ < VCC - 1.2V AV = +1V/V Sinking or sourcing, RL = 1 (VEE + 1V) < VIN_ < (VCC - 1.2V) (VEE + 1V) < VOUT_ < (VCC - 1.2V) 4.5V < VCC VEE < 5.5V RL = RL = TA = +25C to +85C TA = -40C to +85C 50 35 90 40 85 35 4 mA CONDITIONS MIN TYP 4 10 10 35 0.2 0.004 65 1 40 MAX 11 UNITS A M mV mA A dB
Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs disabled Outputs enabled, TA = +25C Outputs disabled
6
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
LOGIC-LEVEL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC - VEE) = +4.5V to +10.5V, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER Input Voltage High Level Input Voltage Low Level Input Current High Level Input Current Low Level Output Voltage High Level Output Voltage Low Level Output Current High Level Output Current Low Level SYMBOL VIH VIL IIH IIL VOH VOL IOH IOL VDD = +5.0V VDD = +3V VDD = +5.0V VDD = +3V VI > 2V VI < 1V Excluding RESET RESET Excluding RESET RESET -1 -30 -1 -300 4.7 2.7 0.01 -20 0.01 -235 4.9 2.9 0.1 0.1 1 1 1 1 4 8 4 8 0.3 0.3 1 CONDITIONS MIN 3 2 0.8 0.6 1 TYP MAX UNITS V V A A V V mA mA
MAX4357
ISOURCE = 1mA, VDD = +5V ISOURCE = 1mA, VDD = +3V ISINK = 1mA, VDD = +5V ISINK = 1mA, VDD = +3V VDD = +5V, VO = +4.9V VDD = +3V, VOUT = +2.7V VDD = +5V, VO = +0.1V VDD = +3V, VO = +0.3V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Slew Rate SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS SR CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 95 70 90 70 40 50 15 15 15 15 12 12 150 160 MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz Vs
VOUT_ = 2V step, AV = +1V/V VOUT_ = 2V step, AV = +2V/V
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) (Note 3) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input-to-Output Input Noise Voltage Density Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance ZOUT f = 6MHz Output enabled Output disabled en CIN Amplifier in disable mode SYMBOL tS 0.1% CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 0 to 2V step AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz BW = 6MHz AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 60 60 50 50 70 68 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.1 -62 -110 73 5 3 30 3 4k MAX UNITS ns mV dB % Degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_= 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 2Vp-p AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V MIN TYP 90 65 90 65 30 35 15 15 15 15 12 12 MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
8
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--DUAL SUPPLIES 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V, VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Slew Rate Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) (Note 3) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input to Output Input Noise Voltage Density Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance
ZOUT
MAX4357
SYMBOL SR tS 0.1%
CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 2V step AV = +1V/V VOUT_ = 2V step AV = +2V/V VO = 0 to 2V step AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V
MIN
TYP 120 120 60 60 15 20 60 40 0.03 0.2 0.08 0.2 -63 -112 73 5 3 30
MAX
UNITS Vs ns mV dB % Degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
en CIN_
BW = 6MHz Amplifier in disable mode
f = 6MHz
Output enabled Output disabled
3 4k
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--SINGLE SUPPLY +5V
(VCC = +5V, VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 1.75V, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER Small-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Large-Signal -3dB Bandwidth Small-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Medium-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Large-Signal 0.1dB Bandwidth Slew Rate Settling Time Switching Transient (Glitch) AC Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Differential Gain Error (Note 4) Differential Phase Error (Note 4) Crosstalk, All Hostile Off-Isolation, Input-toOutput Input Noise Voltage Input Capacitance Disabled Output Capacitance Capacitive Load at 3dB Output Peaking Output Impedance ZOUT f = 6MHz Output enabled Output disabled en CIN_ Amplifier in disable mode f = 100kHz f = 1MHz RL = 1k RL = 150 RL = 1k RL = 150 f = 6MHz f = 6MHz BW = 6MHz SYMBOL BWSS BWMS BWLS BW0.1dB-SS BW0.1dB-MS BW0.1dB-LS SR tS 0.1% CONDITIONS VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 1.5Vp-p VOUT_ = 20mVp-p VOUT_ = 200mVp-p VOUT_ = 1.5Vp-p VOUT_ = 2V step, AV = +1V/V VOUT_ = 0 to 2V step MIN TYP 90 90 38 12 12 12 100 60 25 70 69 0.03 0.15 0.06 0.2 -63 -110 73 5 3 30 3 4k MAX UNITS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz V/s ns mV dB % Degrees dB dB VRMS pF pF pF
10
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
((VCC - VEE) = +4.5V to +10.5V, VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, DGND = AGND = 0, VIN_ = 0 for dual supplies, VIN_ = +1.75V for single supply, RL = 150 to AGND, CL = 100pF, AV = +1V/V, and TA = TMIN - TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER Delay: UPDATE to Video Out Delay: UPDATE to AOUT Delay: SCLK to DOUT Valid Delay: Output Disable Delay: Output Enable Setup: CE to SCLK Setup: DIN to SCLK Hold Time: SCLK to DIN Minimum High Time: SCLK Minimum Low Time: SCLK Minimum Low Time: UPDATE Setup Time: UPDATE to SCLK Hold Time: SCLK to UPDATE Setup Time: MODE to SCLK Hold Time: MODE to SCLK Minimum Low Time: RESET Delay: RESET SYMBOL tPdUdVo tPdUdAo tPdDo tPdHOeVo tPdLOeVo tSuCe tSuDi tHdDi tMnHCk tMnLCk tMnLUd tSuHUd tHdHUd tSuMd tHdMd tMnLRst tPdRst 10k pulldown to AGND Rising edge of UPDATE to falling edge of SCLK Falling edge of SCLK to falling edge of UPDATE Minimum time from clock edge to MODE with valid data clocking Minimum time from clock edge to MODE with valid data clocking 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 300 600 CONDITIONS VIN = 0.5V step MODE = 0, time to AOUT = low after UPDATE = low Logic state change in DOUT on active SCLK edge VOUT = 0.5V, 1k pulldown to AGND Output disabled, 1k pulldown to AGND, VIN = 0.5V MIN TYP 200 30 30 300 200 MAX 450 200 200 800 800 100 UNITS ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
MAX4357
Note 1: Associated output voltage may be determined by multiplying the input voltage by the specified gain (AV) and adding output offset voltage. Note 2: Logic-level characteristics apply to the following pins: DIN, DOUT, SCLK, CE, UPDATE, RESET, A3-A0, MODE, and AOUT. Note 3: Switching transient settling time is guaranteed by the settling time (tS) specification. Switching transient is a result of updating the switch matrix. Note 4: Input test signal: 3.58MHz sine wave of amplitude 40IRE superimposed on a linear ramp (0 to 100IRE). IRE is a unit of video-signal amplitude developed by the International Radio Engineers: 140IRE = 1.0V. Note 5: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25C. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Symbol Definitions
SYMBOL Ao Ce Ck Di Do Md Oe Rst Ud Vo H Hd L Mn Mx Pd Su Tr W TYPE Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Signal Property Property Property Property Property Property Property Property Property DESCRIPTION Address Valid Flag (AOUT) Clock Enable (CE) Clock (SCLK) Serial Data In (DIN) Serial Data Output (DOUT) MODE Output Enable Reset Input (RESET) UPDATE Video Out (OUT) High or Low-to-High Transition Hold Low or High-to-Low Transition Minimum Maximum Propagation delay Setup Transition Width
Naming Conventions
* All parameters with time units are given "t" designation, with appropriate subscript modifiers. * Propagation delays for clocked signals are from active edge of clock. * Propagation delay for level sensitive signals is from input to output at 50% point of a transition. * Setup and Hold times are measured from 50% point of signal transition to 50% point of clocking signal transition. * Setup time refers to any signal that must be stable before active clock edge, even if signal is not latched or clocked itself. * Hold time refers to any signal that must be stable during and after active clock edge, even if signal is not latched or clocked. * Propagation delays to unobservable internal signals are modified to setup and hold designations applied to observable I/O signals.
12
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Timing Diagram
DATA AND CONTROL TIMING Ce: CE tSuCe Ck: SCLK tMnHCk tMnLCk Di: DIN Do: DOUT tPdDo Ud: UPDATE tMnLUd tHdUd tWTrVo Vo: OUT_ Ao: AOUT tPdUdAo tPdHOeVo Oe: OUTPUT ENABLE tPdLOeVo tPdRstVo tMnlRst Hi-Z tPdUdVo Hi-Z tSuUd tSuDi tHdDi tHdCe TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS NAME DESCRIPTION tHdDi tMnHCk tMnLCk tMnLUd tSuHUd Not Valid tHdHUd Not Valid tPdDiDo tMnMd tMxTr tMnLRst tPdRstVo Hold Time: Clock to Data In Min High Time: Clk Min Low Time: Clk Min Low Time: Update Setup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE High Setup Time: UPDATE to Clk with UPDATE Low Hold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE high Hold Time: Clk to UPDATE with UPDATE Low Asynchronous Delay: Data In to Data Out Min Low Time: MODE Max Rise Time: Clk, Update Min Low Time: Reset Delay: Reset to Video Output
Rst: RESET
TIMING PARAMETER DEFINITIONS NAME DESCRIPTION tPdUdVo Delay: Update to Video Out tPdUdAo tPdDo tPdHOeVo tPdLOeVo tSuCe tSuDi Delay: UPDATE to Aout Delay: Clk to Data Out Delay: Output Enable to Video Output (High: Disable) Delay: Output Enable to Video Output (Low: Enable) Setup: Clock Enable to Clock Setup Time: Data In to Clock
Figure 1. Timing Diagram
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc01
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc02
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
RL = 150 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V
MAX4357 toc03
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 150 AV = +2V/V
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 150 AV = +1V/V
3
AV = +2V/V
AV = +1V/V
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc04
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc05
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
RL = 1k AV = +1V/V 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V
MAX4357 toc06
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 1k AV = +2V/V
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 1k AV = +1V/V
3
AV = +2V/V
AV = +1V/V
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc07
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc08
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF
MAX4357 toc09
0.7 0.6 0.5 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V
0.3 0.2 0.1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.6 -0.7
RL = 1k
3 CL = 45pF
AV = +1V/V
AV = +2V/V
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
14
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc10
MAX4357
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc11
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
6 5 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4357 toc12
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) CL = 15pF CL = 30pF
CL = 45pF
9 8 7 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
7
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc13
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc14
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
AV = +1V/V -10 -20 DISTORTION (dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3ND HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC
MAX4357 toc15
-40 AV = +1V/V -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100
-40 -45 -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90
AV = +2V/V
0
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc16
ENABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc17
DISABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc18
0 -10 -20 DISTORTION (dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100
AV = +2V/V
1000
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
100
2ND HARMONIC
10
3RD HARMONIC
1
0.1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000
1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OFF-ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc19
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc20
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc21
-40 -50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60
-50
1000
-55
PSRR (dB)
-70 -80 -90 -100
-60
VOLTAGE NOISE (nVHz)
100
-65
-70 -110 -120 100k -75 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 10 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc22
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc23
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc24
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 500mV/div
INPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc25
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc26
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc27
INPUT 50mV/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
VOUT 500mV/div
VOUT 1V/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
16
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4357
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +1V/V)
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH) (AV = +2V/V)
OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
MAX4357 toc30
MAX4357 toc28
MAX4357 toc29
300 250 200 150 100 50 0
VUPDATE 5V/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
VOUT 25mV/div
VOUT 25mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
-14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2
0
2
4
6
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE vs. DC VOLTAGE (RL = 150)
MAX4357 toc31
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE vs. DC VOLTAGE (RL = 1k)
DIFF GAIN (%) 0.015 0.010 0.005 0.000 -0.005
MAX4357 toc32
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc33
DIFF GAIN (%)
0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.00 -0.02
INPUT 1V/div
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 -0.01 DIFF PHASE () DIFF PHASE ()
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
OUTPUT 1V/div
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
20ns/div
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc34
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc35
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc36
INPUT 500mV/div
INPUT 100mV/div
INPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
17
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = -5V, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4357 toc37
RESET DELAY vs. RESET CAPACITANCE
MAX4357 toc38
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4357 toc39
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 AV = +1V/V AV = +2V/V
10 1 100m RESET DELAY (s) 10m 1m 100 10 1 100n 10n
70 60 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 50 40 IEE 30 20 10 0 IDD -50 -25 0 25 50 75 ICC
100
1p
10p 100p 1n
10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F)
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
18
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc40
MAX4357
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc41
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V RL = 150 AV = +1V/V
MAX4357 toc42
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 150 AV = +1V/V
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 150 AV = +1V/V
3
AV = +2V/V
AV = +2V/V
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc43
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc44
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 AV = +2V/V RL = 1k AV = +1V/V
MAX4357 toc45
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7
RL = 1k AV = +2V/V
RL = 1k AV = +2V/V
3
AV = +1V/V
AV = +1V/V
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc46
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
0.5 0.4 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 AV = +2V/V RL = 1k AV = +1V/V
MAX4357 toc47
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4357 toc48
0.9 0.8 0.7 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 AV = +2V/V AV = +1V/V
0.6
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
______________________________________________________________________________________
19
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc49
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc50
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
6 5 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4357 toc51
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
9 8 7 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 CL = 30pF CL = 15pF CL = 45pF
7
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
CROSSTALK VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc52
CROSSTALK VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc53
DISTORTION VS. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3RD HARMONIC AV = + 1V/V 2ND HARMONIC
MAX4357 toc54
-40 -45 -50 CROSSTALK (dB) -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90
AV = + 1V/V
-30 -35 -40 CROSSTALK (dB) -45 -50 -55 -60 -65 -70 -75 -80
AV = + 2V/V
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
100k
1M
10M
100M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
DISTORTION VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc55
ENABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc56
DISABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc57
-10 -20 DISTORTION (dB) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100
AV = + 2V/V 2ND HARMONIC
1000
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10 1
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 100M
100
10
3RD HARMONIC
1 0.1 100k 1M 10M 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 FREQUENCY (Hz)
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
20
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
OFF-ISOLATION VS. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc58
MAX4357
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc59
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc60
-40 -50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60
-50
1000
-55
PSRR (dB)
-70 -80 -90 -100
-60
VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/Hz) 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M
100
-65
-70 -110 -120 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G -75
10 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY(Hz)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc61
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc62
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc63
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 500mV/div
INPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc64
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc65
SWITCHING TIME (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc66
INPUT 50mV/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
VOUT 500mV/div
VOUT 1V/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
______________________________________________________________________________________
21
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
SWITCHING TRANSIENT GLITCH (AV = +1V/V) SWITCHING TRANSIENT GLITCH (AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc67
MAX4357 toc68
OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
MAX4357 toc69
300 250 200 150 100
VUPDATE 3V/div
VUPDATE 3V/div
VOUT 25mV/div
VOUT 25mV/div
50 0
20ns/div
20ns/div
-15 -13 -11 -9 -7
-5 -3 -1
1
3
5
OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 150)
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%) DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%)
MAX4357 toc70
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 1k)
0.15 0.05
MAX4357 toc71
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc72
0.25 0.15 0.05 -0.05 0.25 0.15 0.05 -0.05 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
-0.05 0.25 0.15 0.05 -0.05 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
INPUT 1V/div
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE ()
DIFFERENTIAL PHASE ()
OUTPUT 1V/div
20ns/div
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc73
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc74
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF, AV = +2V/V)
MAX4357 toc75
INPUT 500mV/div
INPUT 100mV/div
INPUT 50mV/div
OUTPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
22
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Typical Operating Characteristics--Dual Supplies 3V (continued)
(VCC = +3V and VEE = -3V, VDD = +3V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4357
GAIN VS. TEMPERATURE
MAX4357 toc76
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 AV = +2V/V
RESET DELAY vs. RESET CAPACITANCE
MAX4357 toc77
10 1 100m RESET DELAY (s) 10m 1m 100 10 1 100n
0 -0.05 -0.10 AV = +1V/V -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
10n 1p 10p 100p 1n 10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F)
______________________________________________________________________________________
23
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc78
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc79
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 150
MAX4357 toc80
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 RL = 150
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 150
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc81
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 1k
MAX4357 toc82
SMALL-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 RL = 1k
MAX4357 toc83
3 2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 0.1
RL = 1k
3
3
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc84
LARGE-SIGNAL GAIN FLATNESS vs. FREQUENCY
0.5 0.4 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 RL = 1k
MAX4357 toc85
LARGE-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
2 1 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
MAX4357 toc86
0.9 0.8 0.7 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100
0.6
3
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
0.1
1
10 FREQUENCY (MHz)
100
1000
24
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MEDIUM-SIGNAL FREQUENCY RESPONSE (AV = +1V/V)
MAX4357 toc87
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc88
DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY
-10 -20 DISTORTION (dBc) -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 3rd HARMONIC 2nd HARMONIC
MAX4357 toc89
9 8 7 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 CL = 15pF CL = 30pF CL = 45pF
-50 -55 -60 CROSSTALK (dB) -65 -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 -95 -100
0
1000
100k
1M
10M FREQUENCY (Hz)
100M
1G
100k
1M
10M
100M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
ENABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc90
DISABLED OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc91
OFF-ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
-50 OFF ISOLATION (dB) -60 -70 -80 -90 -100
MAX4357 toc92
1000
1M 100k OUTPUT IMPEDANCE () 10k 1k 100 10 1
-40
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE ()
100
10
1 0.1 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000
-110 -120 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 100k 1M 10M FREQUENCY (Hz) 100M 1G
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc93
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4357 toc94
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc95
-50
1000
-55
-60
VOLTAGE NOISE (NV/Hz)
INPUT 1V/div
PSRR (dB)
100
-65
-70
OUTPUT 1V/div
-75 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M
10 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 20ns/div FREQUENCY (Hz)
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25
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4357 toc96
SWITCHING TIME
MAX4357 toc97
INPUT 100mV/div
VUPDATE 5V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
VOUT 500mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
SWITCHING TRANSIENT (GLITCH)
MAX4357 toc98
OFFSET VOLTAGE HISTOGRAM
MAX4357 toc99
250
VUPDATE 5V/div
200
150
100 VOUT 25mV/div
50
0 20ns/div -20 -18 -16 -14 -12 -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 OFFSET VOLTAGE (mV) 0
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 150)
0.25 0.20 0.15 DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 0 0.30 0.25 0.20 DIFFERENTIAL 0.15 PHASE (%) 0.10 0 -0.05 -0.10 10
MAX4357 toc100
DIFFERENTIAL GAIN AND PHASE (RL = 1k)
0.04 DIFFERENTIAL 0.03 0.02 GAIN (%) 0.01 0 -0.01
MAX4357 toc101
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.10 0.08 0.06 DIFFERENTIAL 0.04 PHASE (%) 0.02 0 -0.02 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
80 90 100
10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 IRE
26
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Typical Operating Characteristics--Single Supply +5V (continued)
(VCC = +5V and VEE = 0, VDD = +5V, AGND = DGND = 0, VIN_ = 0, RL = 150 to AGND, AV = +1V/V, and TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF)
MAX4357 toc102
MEDIUM-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE WITH CAPACITIVE LOAD (CL = 30pF)
MAX4357 toc103
INPUT 1V/div
INPUT 100mV/div
INPUT 1V/div
OUTPUT 100mV/div
20ns/div
20ns/div
GAIN vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4357 toc104
RESET DELAY vs. RESET CAPACITANCE
10 1 RESET DELAY (s) 100m 10m 1m 100 10
MAX4357 toc105
0.20 0.15 NORMALIZED GAIN (dB) 0.10 0.05 0 -0.05 -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -50 -25 0 25 50 75
100
1 100n 10n 100 1p 10p 100p 1n 10n 100n 1 10 100 CRESET (F) TEMPERATURE (C)
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27
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Pin Description
PIN 1, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 65, 66, 100, 102, 103, 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 114, 116, 118, 120, 122, 124, 126, 128 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 37, 39, 41, 43, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121, 123, 125, 127 35, 67, 71, 75, 79, 83, 87, 91, 95, 99 45 46 47-50 NAME VEE FUNCTION Negative Analog Supply. Bypass each pin with a 0.1F capacitor to AGND. Connect a single 10F capacitor from one VEE pin to AGND.
AGND
Analog Ground
IN0-IN31
Buffered Analog Inputs
VCC DGND AOUT A3-A0
Positive Analog Supply. Bypass each pin with a 0.1F capacitor to AGND. Connect a single 10F capacitor from one VCC pin to AGND. Digital Ground Address Recognition Output. AOUT drives low after successful chip address recognition. Address Programming Inputs. Connect to DGND or VDD to select the address for Individual Output Address Mode (Table 3). Serial Data Output. In Complete Matrix Mode, data is clocked through the 112-bit Matrix Control Shift register. In Individual Output Address Mode, data at DIN passes directly to DOUT. Serial Clock Input Clock Enable Input. Drive low to enable the serial data interface. Serial Interface Mode Select Input. Drive high for Complete Matrix Mode (Mode 1), or drive low for Individual Output Address Mode (Mode 0). Asynchronous Reset Input/Output. Drive RESET low to initiate hardware reset. All matrix settings are set to power-up defaults and all analog outputs are disabled. Additional power-on reset delay may be set by connecting a small capacitor from RESET to DGND. Update Input. Drive UPDATE low to transfer data from mode registers to the matrix switch. Serial Data Input. Data is clocked in on the falling edge of SCLK. No Connection. Not internally connected. Connect to AGND. Digital Logic Supply. Bypass VDD with a 0.1F capacitor DGND. Buffered Analog Outputs. Gain is individually programmable for AV = +1V/V or AV = +2V/V through the serial interface. Outputs may be individually disabled (high impedance). On power-up, or assertion of RESET, all outputs are disabled.
51 52 53 54
DOUT SCLK CE MODE
55
RESET
56 57 58-63, 101 64 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 98
UPDATE DIN N.C. VDD OUT0-OUT15
28
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers
Functional Diagram
MAX4357
MAX4357 IN0 AV* ENABLE/DISABLE OUT0
IN1
32 x 16 SWITCH MATRIX
A V*
OUT1
IN2
A V*
OUT2
IN31 RESET POWER-ON RESET THERMAL SHUTDOWN
A V*
OUT15
DISABLE ALL OUTPUTS DIN SCLK UPDATE CE
512 16
16 VCC VEE AGND VDD DGND DOUT
DECODE LOGIC SERIAL INTERFACE LATCHES MATRIX REGISTER 112 BITS UPDATE REGISTER 16 BITS *AV = +1V/V OR +2V/V A0-A3 MODE
AOUT
Detailed Description
The MAX4357 is a highly integrated 32 16 nonblocking video crosspoint switch matrix. All inputs and outputs are buffered, with all outputs able to drive standard 75 reverse-terminated video loads. A 3-wire interface programs the switch matrix and initializes with a single update signal. The unique serial interface operates in one of two modes, Complete Matrix Mode (Mode 1) or Individual Output Address Mode (Mode 0). The signal path of the MAX4357 is from the buffered inputs (IN0-IN31), through the switching matrix, buffered by the output amplifiers, and presented at the outputs (OUT0-OUT15) (Functional Diagram). The other functional blocks are the serial interface and control logic. Each of the functional blocks is described in detail in the sections following.
Analog Outputs
The MAX4357 outputs are high-speed amplifiers capable of driving 150 (75 back-terminated) loads. The gain, AV = +1V/V or +2V/V, is selectable through programming bit 5 of the serial control word. Amplifier compensation is automatically optimized to maximize the bandwidth for each gain selection. Each output can be individually enabled and disabled via bit 6 of the serial control word. When disabled, the output is high impedance presenting typically 4k load, and 3pF output capacitance, allowing multiple outputs to be connected together for building large arrays. On power-up (or asynchronous RESET) all outputs are initialized in the disabled state to avoid output conflicts in large array configurations. The programming and operation of the MAX4357 is output referred. Outputs are configured individually to connect to any one of the 32 analog inputs, programmed to the desired gain (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V), and enabled or disabled in a high-impedance state.
29
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 1. Operation Truth Table
CE 1 UPDATE X SCLK X DIN X DOUT X MODE X AOUT X RESET 1 OPERATION/COMMENTS No change in logic. Data at DIN is clocked on negative edge of SCLK into 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register. DOUT supplies original data in 112 SCLK pulses later. Data in serial 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register is transferred into parallel latches, which control the switching matrix. Data at DIN is routed to Individual Output Address Mode shift register. DIN is also connected directly to DOUT so that all devices on the serial bus may be addressed in parallel. 4-bit chip address A3-A0 is compared to D14-D11. If equal, remaining 11 bits in Individual Output Address Mode register are decoded, allowing reprogramming for a single output. AOUT signals successful individual matrix update. Asynchronous reset. All outputs are disabled. Other logic remains unchanged.
0
1
Di
Di-112
1
1
1
0
0
X
X
X
1
1
1
0
1
Di
Di
0
1
1
0
0
X
Di
Di
0
0
1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
0
Note: "X" = Don't Care
Analog Inputs
The MAX4357 offers 32 analog input channels. Each input is buffered before the crosspoint matrix switch, allowing one input to cross-connect up to 16 outputs. The input buffers are voltage feedback amplifiers with high-input impedance and low-input bias current. This allows the use of very simple input clamp circuits.
Switch Matrix
The MAX4357 has 512 individual T-switches making a 32 16 switch matrix. The switching matrix is 100% nonblocking, which means that any input may be routed to any output. The switch matrix programming is output referred. Each output may be connected to any one of the 32 analog inputs. Any one input can be routed to all 16 outputs with no signal degradation.
SCLK is the serial-data clock which clocks data into the data input registers (Figure 3). Data at DIN is loaded in at each falling edge of SCLK. DOUT is the data shifted out of the 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register (Mode = 1). DIN passes directly to DOUT when in Individual Output Address Mode (Mode = 0). The falling edge of UPDATE latches the data and programs the matrix. When using Individual Output Address Mode, the address recognition output AOUT drives low when control-word bits D14 to D11 match the address programming inputs (A3-A0) and UPDATE is low (Table 1). Table 1 is the operation truth table.
Programming the Matrix
The MAX4357 offers two programming modes: Individual Output Address Mode and Complete Matrix Mode. These two distinct programming modes are selected by toggling a single MODE pin high or low. Both modes operate with the same physical board layout. This flexibility allows initial programming of the IC by daisy-chaining and sending one long data word while still being able to immediately address and update individual outputs in the matrix.
Digital Interface
The digital interface consists of the following pins: DIN, DOUT, SCLK, AOUT, UPDATE, CE, A3-A0, MODE, and RESET. DIN is the serial-data input, DOUT is the serialdata output.
30
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
A0-A3 CHIP ADDRESS 4
SCLK CE MODE
4 16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE REGISTER SCLK CE MODE DIN
MODE S A DATA ROUTING GATE B MODE
11
DOUT
112-BIT COMPLETE MATRIX MODE REGISTER 11 OUTPUT ADDRESS DECODE 7 MODE 112
112 1 AOUT UPDATE EN 7 112-BIT PARALLEL LATCH 112 SWITCH DECODE 512 SWITCH MATRIX 16 OUTPUT ENABLE
Figure 2. Serial Interface Block Diagram
Individual Output Address Mode (MODE = 0) Drive MODE to logic low to select Mode 0. Individual outputs are programmed via the serial interface with a single 16-bit control word. The control word consists of a don't care MSB, the chip address bits, output address bits, an output enable/disable bit, an output gain-set bit, and input address bits (Table 2 through Table 6, and Figure 2).
In Mode 0, data at DIN passes directly to DOUT through the data routing gate (Figure 3). In this configuration, the 16-bit control word is simultaneously sent to all chips in an array of up to 16 addresses.
the last 7-bit control word (LSBs) programs output 0 (Table 7 and Figures 4 and 5). Data clocked into the 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register is latched on the falling edge of UPDATE, and the outputs are immediately updated.
Complete Matrix Mode (MODE = 1)
Drive MODE to logic high to select Mode 1. A single 112-bit control word, consisting of sixteen 7-bit control words, programs all outputs. The 112-bit control word's first 7-bit control word (MSBs) programs output 15, and
Initialization String Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1) is convenient for programming the matrix at power-up. In a large matrix consisting of many MAX4357s, all the devices can be programmed by sending a single bit stream equal to n x 112 bits where n is the number of MAX4357 devices on the bus. The first 112-bit data word programs the last MAX4357 in line (see Matrix Programming section).
RESET
The MAX4357 features an asynchronous bidirectional RESET with an internal 20k pullup resistor to VDD. When RESET is pulled low either by internal circuitry, or
31
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 2. 16-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 0: Individual Output Address Mode)
BIT 15 (MSB) 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 (LSB) NAME X IC Address A3 IC Address A2 IC Address A1 IC Address A0 Output Address B3 Output Address B2 Output Address B1 Output Address B0 Output Enable Gain Set Input Address 4 Input Address 3 Input Address 2 Input Address 1 Input Address 0 Don't care MSB of selected chip address MSB of selected chip address MSB of selected chip address LSB of selected chip address MSB of output buffer address MSB of output buffer address MSB of output buffer address LSB of output buffer address Enable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable Gain select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address LSB of input channel select address FUNCTION
driven externally, the analog output buffers are latched into a high-impedance state. After RESET is released, the output buffers remain disabled. The outputs may be enabled by sending a new 112-bit data word or a 16-bit individual output address word. A reset is initiated from any of three sources. RESET can be driven low by external circuitry to initiate a reset, or RESET can be pulled low by internal circuitry during power-up (poweron reset) or thermal shutdown. Since driving RESET low only clears the output-bufferenable bit in the matrix control latches, RESET can be used to disable all outputs simultaneously. If no new data has been loaded into the 112-bit Complete Matrix Mode register, a single UPDATE restores the previous matrix control settings.
Thermal Shutdown
The MAX4357 features thermal shutdown protection with temperature hysteresis. When the die temperature exceeds 150C, the MAX4357 pulls RESET low, disabling the output buffer. When the die cools by 20C, the RESET pulldown is deasserted, and output buffers remain disabled until the device is programmed again.
Applications Information
Building Large Video-Switching Systems
The MAX4357 can be easily used to create larger switching matrices. The number of ICs required to implement the matrix is a function of the number of input channels, the number of outputs required, and whether the array needs to be nonblocking. The most straightforward technique for implementing nonblocking matrices is to arrange the building blocks in a grid. The inputs connect to each vertical bank of devices in parallel with the other banks. The outputs of each building block in a vertical column connect together in a wired-OR configuration. Figure 6 shows a 128-input, 32-output, nonblocking array using eight MAX4357 crosspoint devices.
Power-On Reset
The power-on reset ensures all output buffers are in a disabled state when power is initially applied. A VDD voltage comparator generates the power-on reset. When the voltage at VDD is less than 2.5V, the poweron-reset comparator pulls RESET low via internal circuitry. As the digital-supply voltage ramps up crossing 2.5V, the MAX4357 holds RESET low for 40ns (typ). Connecting a small capacitor from RESET to DGND extends the power-on-reset delay. (see the RESET Delay vs. RESET Capacitance graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics).
32
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
16-BIT INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE: FIRST BIT IS A DON'T CARE BIT, LAST 15 BITS CLOCKED INTO DIN WHEN MODE = 0, CREATES ADDRESS WORD; IC ADDRESS A3-A0 IS COMPARED TO DIN14-DIN11 WHEN UPDATE IS LOW; IF EQUAL, ADDRESSED OUTPUT IS UPDATED.
UPDATE tSuMd MODE tHdMd
SCLK
DIN INPUT ADDRESS 4 (MSB) = 1 INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0 OUTPUT ADDRESS B3 OUTPUT ADDRESS B2 OUTPUT ADDRESS B1 OUTPUT ADDRESS B0 IC ADDRESS A3 IC ADDRESS A2 IC ADDRESS A1 IC ADDRESS A0 DON'T CARE X OUTPUT ENABLE INPUT ADDRESS 3 = 0 INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 0 INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 0 GAIN SET = +1V/V
IC ADDRESS = 2
OUTPUT ADDRESS = 9
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, AV = +1V/V, CONNECTED TO INPUT 16
EXAMPLE OF 16-BIT SERIAL CONTROL WORD FOR OUTPUT CONTROL IN INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE
Figure 3. Mode 0, Individual Output Address Mode Timing and Programming Example
The wired-OR connection of the outputs shown in the diagram is possible because the outputs of the IC devices can be placed in a disabled, or high-impedance-output state. This disable state of the output buffers is designed for a maximum impedance vs. frequency while maintaining a low-output capacitance. These characteristics minimize the adverse loading effects from the disabled outputs. Larger arrays are constructed by extending this connection technique to more devices.
Driving a Capacitive Load
Figure 6 shows an implementation requiring many outputs to be wired together. This creates a situation where each output buffer sees not only the normal load impedance, but also the disabled impedance of all the other outputs. This impedance has a resistive and a capacitive component. The resistive components reduce the total effective load for the driving output. Total capacitance is the sum of the capacitance of all
the disabled outputs and is a function of the size of the matrix. Also, as the size of the matrix increases, the length of the PC board traces increases, adding more capacitance. The output buffers have been designed to drive more than 30pF of capacitance while still maintaining a good AC response. Depending on the size of the array, the capacitance seen by the output can exceed this amount. There are several ways to improve the situation. The first is to use more building-block crosspoint devices to reduce the number of outputs that need to be wired together (Figure 7). In Figure 7, the additional devices are placed in a second bank to multiplex the signals. This reduces the number of wired-OR connections. Another solution is to put a small resistor in series with the output before the capacitive load to limit excessive ringing and oscillations. Figure 8 shows the Optimal Isolation Resistor vs. Capacitive Load. A lowpass filter is created from the series resistor and parasitic capacitance to ground.
33
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
tMnLCk SCLK tMnHCk
tSuDi DIN
tHdDi
tSuHUd tPdDo
tMnLUd
UPDATE
DOUT
SCLK EXAMPLE OF 7-BIT SERIAL CONTROL WORD FOR OUTPUT CONTROL DIN
NEXT CONTROL WORD
INPUT ADDRESS 4 (MSB) = 1
Figure 4. 7-Bit Control Word and Programming Example (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode)
UPDATE
1 0 1 7-BIT CONTROL WORD 0
MODE
DIN
OUT2
OUT1
OUT0 TIME
MOST SIGNIFICANT BITS OF THE 7-BIT CONTROL WORD ARE SHIFTED IN FIRST; I.E., OUT15, THEN OUT14, ETC. LAST 7 BITS SHIFTED IN PRIOR TO UPDATE FALLING EDGE PROGRAM OUT0.
Figure 5. Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode Programming
34 ______________________________________________________________________________________
INPUT ADDRESS 0 (LSB) = 0
INPUT ADDRESS 3 = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 2 = 1
INPUT ADDRESS 1 = 0
ENABLE OUTPUT
GAIN SET = +1V/V
OUTPUT (i) ENABLED, AV = +1V/V, CONNECTED TO INPUT 28
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 3. Chip Address Programming for 16-Bit Control Word (Mode 0: Individual Output Address Mode)
IC ADDRESS BIT A3 (MSB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 A1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 A0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 CHIP ADDRESS (HEX) 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h Ah Bh Ch Dh Eh Fh ADDRESS CHIP ADDRESS (DECIMAL) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Table 4. Chip Address A3-A0 Pin Programming
PIN A3 DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD VDD A2 DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD DGND DGND DGND DGND VDD VDD VDD VDD A1 DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD DGND DGND VDD VDD A0 DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD DGND VDD ADDRESS CHIP ADDRESS (HEX) 0h 1h 2h 3h 4h 5h 6h 7h 8h 9h Ah Bh Ch Dh Eh Fh CHIP ADDRESS (DECIMAL) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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35
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 5. Output Selection Programming
OUTPUT ADDRESS BIT B3 (MSB) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 B2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 B0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 SELECTED OUTPUT 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
INPUTS (0-31)
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
INPUTS (32-63)
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
INPUTS (64-95)
32 16 MAX4357 IN OUT
32 16 MAX4357 IN OUT
A single R-C does not affect the performance at video frequencies, but in a very large system there may be many R-Cs cascaded in series. The cumulative effect is a slight rolling off of the high frequencies causing a "softening" of the picture. There are two solutions to achieve higher performance. One way is to design the PC board traces associated with the outputs such that they exhibit some inductance. By routing the traces in a repeating "S" configuration, the traces that are nearest each other exhibit a mutual inductance increasing the total inductance. This series inductance causes the amplitude response to increase or peak at higher frequencies, offsetting the rolloff from the parasitic capacitance. Another solution is to add a small-value inductor to the output.
INPUTS (96-127)
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
32 16 IN MAX4357 OUT
Crosstalk and Board Routing Issues
Improper signal routing causes performance problems. The MAX4357 has a typical crosstalk rejection of -62dB at 6MHz. A bad PC board layout degrades the crosstalk rejection by 20dB or more. To achieve the best crosstalk performance: 1. Place ground isolation between long critical signal PC board trace runs. These traces act as a shield to potential interfering signals. Crosstalk can be degraded from parallel traces as well as directly above and below on adjoining PC board layers.
OUTPUTS (0-15)
OUTPUTS (16-31)
Figure 6. 128 x 32 Nonblocking Matrix Using 32 x 16 Crosspoint Devices
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 6. Input Selection Programming
INPUTS (0-31) 32 IN 16 MAX4357 OUT
INPUT ADDRESS BIT B4 (MSB) 0
16 IN 16 IN
B3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
B2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
B1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
B0 (LSB) 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
SELECTED INPUT 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
INPUTS (32-63) 32 IN
16 MAX4357 OUT
0
16 OUTPUTS (0-15) MAX4357 OUT
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
INPUTS (64-95) 32 IN
16 MAX4357 OUT
INPUTS (96-127) 32 IN
16 MAX4357 OUT
Figure 7. 128 x 16 Nonblocking Matrix with Reduced Capacitive Loading
OPTIMAL ISOLATION RESISTANCE vs. CAPACITIVE LOAD
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Figure 8. Optimal Isolation Resistor vs. Capacitive Load
2. Maintain controlled-impedance traces. Design as many of the PC board traces as possible to be 75 transmission lines. This lowers the impedance of the traces reducing a potential source of crosstalk. More power dissipates due to the output buffer driving a lower impedance. 3. Minimize ground current interaction by using a good ground plane strategy. In addition to crosstalk, another key issue of concern is isolation. Isolation is the rejection of undesirable feedthrough from input to output with the output disabled. The MAX4357 achieves a -110dB isolation at 6MHz by selecting the pinout configuration such that the inputs
ISOLATION RESISTANCE ()
and outputs are on opposite sides of the package. Coupling through the power supply is a function of the quality and location of the supply bypassing. Use appropriate low-impedance components and locate them as close as possible to the IC. Avoid routing the inputs near the outputs.
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37
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Table 7. 7-Bit Serial Control Word Bit Assignments (Mode 1: Complete Matrix Mode Programming)
BIT 6 (MSB) 5 4 3 2 1 0 (LSB) NAME Output Enable Gain Set Input Address 4 Input Address 3 Input Address 2 Input Address 1 Input Address 0 FUNCTION Enable bit for output, 0 = disable, 1 = enable. Gain select for output buffer, 0 = gain of +1V/V, 1 = gain of +2V/V. MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address MSB of input channel select address LSB of input channel select address
Power-Supply Bypassing
The MAX4357 operates from a single +5V or dual 3V to 5V supplies. For single-supply operation, connect all VEE pins to ground and bypass all power-supply pins with a 0.1F capacitor to ground. For dual-supply systems, bypass all supply pins to ground with 0.1F capacitors.
Power in Large Systems
The MAX4357 has been designed to operate with split
Individual Output Address Mode (MODE = 0) and Complete Matrix Mode (MODE = 1) are selected by toggling a single MODE control pin high or low. Both modes operate with the same physical board layout. This allows initial programming of the IC by daisychaining and sending one long data word while still being able to immediately address and update individual locations in the matrix.
supplies down to 3V or a single supply of +5V. Operating at the minimum supply voltages reduces the power dissipation by as much 40% to 50%. At +5V, the MAX4357 consumes 220mW (0.43mW/point).
Individual Output Address Mode (Mode = 0)
In Individual Output Address Mode, the devices are connected in a serial-bus configuration, with the data routing gate (Figure 3) connecting DIN to DOUT, making each device a virtual node on the serial bus. A single 16-bit control word is sent to all devices simultaneously. Only the device with the corresponding chip address responds to the programming word and updates its output. In this mode, the chip address is set via hardware pin strapping of A3-A0. The host communicates with the device by sending a 16-bit word consisting of 1 don't care bit, 4-chip address bits, 11 bits of data to make the word exactly two bytes in length. The 11 data bits are broken down into 4 bits to select the output to be programmed; 1 bit to set the output enable; 1 bit to set gain; and 5 bits to select the input to be connected to that output. In this method, the matrix is programmed one output at a time.
Driving a PC-Board Interconnect or Cable (AV = +1V/V or +2V/V)
The MAX4357 output buffers can be programmed to either AV = +1V/V or +2V/V. The +1V/V configuration is typically used when driving short-length (less than 3cm), high-impedance "local" PC-board traces. To drive a cable or a 75 transmission line trace, program the gain of the output buffer to +2V/V and place a 75 resistor in series with the output. The series termination resistor and the 75 load impedance act as a voltage divider that divides the video signal in half. Set the gain to +2V/V to transmit a standard 1V video signal down a cable. The series 75 resistor is called the back-match, reverse termination, or series termination. This 75 resistor reduces reflections and provides isolation, increasing the output-capacitive-driving capability.
Matrix Programming
The MAX4357's unique digital interface simplifies programming multiple MAX4357 devices in an array. Multiple devices are connected with DOUT of the first device connecting to DIN of the second device, and so on (Figure 9). Two distinct programming modes,
38
Complete Matrix Mode (Mode = 1) In Complete Matrix Mode, the devices are connected in a daisy-chain fashion where n 112 bits are sent to program the entire matrix, where n = the number of MAX4357 devices connected in series. The data word is structured such that the first bit is the LSB of the last device in the chain and the last data bit is the MSB of the first device in the chain. The total length of the data word is equal to the number of crosspoint devices to be
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32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
CHIP ADDRESS = 0 CHIP ADDRESS = 1 CHIP ADDRESS = 2
DIN HOST CONTROLLER
DOUT
DIN
DOUT
DIN
DOUT
NEXT DEVICE
MAX4357 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0
MAX4357 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0 VDD
MAX4357 A3 SCLK CE MODE UPDATE A2 A1 A0
VDD
VIRTUAL SERIAL BUS (MODE 0: INDIVIDUAL OUTPUT ADDRESS MODE)
Figure 9. Matrix Mode Programming
programmed in series times 112 bits per crosspoint device. This programming method is most often used at start-up to initially configure the switching matrix.
Operating at +5V Single-Supply with AV = +1V/V or +2V/V
The MAX4357 guarantees operation with a single +5V supply and a gain of +1V/V for standard video-input signals (1VP-P). To implement a complete video matrix switching system capable of gain = +2V/V while operating with a +5V single supply, combine the MAX4357 crosspoint switch with Maxim's low-cost, high-performance video amplifiers optimized for single +5V supply operation (Figure 10). The MAX4450 single and
MAX4451 dual op amps are unity-gain-stable devices that combine high-speed performance with rail-to-rail outputs. The common-mode input voltage range extends beyond the negative power-supply rail (ground in single-supply applications). The MAX4450 is available in the ultra-small 5-pin SC70 package, while the MAX4451 is available in a space-saving 8-pin SOT23 package. The MAX4383 is a quad op amp available in a 14-pin TSSOP package. The MAX4380/MAX4381/ MAX4382 and MAX4384 offer individual high-impedance output disable making these amplifiers suitable for wired-OR connections.
______________________________________________________________________________________
39
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
+5V
VCC OUT0 IN0 IN1 OUT15 IN31 OUT1 1Vp-p
+5V 2Vp-p U2 75 220 F 75 MONITOR 0 Z0 = 75
500 500
MAX4357
U2 = MAX4450 OR 1/4 MAX4383
AGND
VEE
Figure 10. Typical Single +5V Supply Application
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE 128 TQFP PACKAGE CODE C128-1 DOCUMENT NO. 21-0086
40
______________________________________________________________________________________
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Pin Configuration
TOP VIEW
128 AGND 126 AGND 124 AGND 122 AGND 120 AGND 118 AGND 116 AGND 114 AGND 112 AGND 110 AGND 108 AGND 106 AGND 104 AGND 127 IN11 125 IN10 123 IN9 121 IN8 119 IN7 117 IN6 115 IN5 103 AGND 102 AGND 101 N.C. 100 AGND 99 VCC 98 OUT0 97 VEE 96 OUT1 95 VCC 94 OUT2 93 VEE 92 OUT3 91 VCC 90 OUT4 89 VEE 88 OUT5 87 VCC 86 OUT6 85 VEE 84 OUT7 83 VCC 82 OUT8 81 VEE 80 OUT9 79 VCC 78 OUT10 77 VEE 76 OUT11 75 VCC 74 OUT12 73 VEE 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 OUT13 VCC OUT14 VEE OUT15 VCC AGND AGND VDD 113 IN4 111 IN3 109 IN2 107 IN1 105 IN0 N.C.
VEE AGND IN12 AGND IN13 AGND IN14 AGND IN15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
AGND 10 IN16 11 AGND 12 IN17 13 AGND 14 IN18 15 AGND 16 IN19 17 AGND 18 IN20 19 AGND 20 IN21 21 AGND 22 IN22 23 AGND 24 IN23 25 AGND 26 IN24 27 AGND 28 IN25 29 AGND 30 IN26 31 AGND 32 IN27 33 AGND 34 VCC 35 AGND 36 IN28 AGND 37 38
MAX4357
IN29
IN30
IN31
RESET
UPDATE
SLCK
A3
A2
A1
A0
CE
AGND
AGND
AGND
DGND
DIN
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
N.C.
TQFP
______________________________________________________________________________________
MODE
AOUT
DOUT
N.C.
41
32 x 16 Nonblocking Video Crosspoint Switch with I/O Buffers MAX4357
Revision History
REVISION NUMBER 0 1 REVISION DATE 10/01 5/09 Initial release Corrected CE waveform in Figure 1 DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED -- 13
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
42 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.

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